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    <title><![CDATA[le blog davidhammerstein (Internacional)]]></title>
    <link>http://www.davidhammerstein.com/categorie-10601970.html</link>
    <description>Les derniers articles publiés dans la catégorie &quot;Internacional&quot; du blog &quot;le blog davidhammerstein&quot;</description>

        <language>fr</language>
    
    
    <pubDate>Fri, 10 Feb 2012 23:21:00 +0100</pubDate>    <lastBuildDate>Fri, 10 Feb 2012 23:21:00 +0100</lastBuildDate>    <generator>Over-blog.com RSS 2.0 Engine</generator>    <copyright>Copyright 2012 www.davidhammerstein.com</copyright>            <category>Internacional</category>    <docs>http://www.rssboard.org/rss-specification/</docs>                        
      <item>
        <title><![CDATA[LIBIA ¿Y AHORA QUÉ?]]></title>
        <link>http://www.davidhammerstein.com/article-libia-y-ahora-que-69937940.html</link>        <description><![CDATA[<p>
    <br>
    &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<img style="border: 0px initial initial;" alt="guerra.jpg" height="278" width="600" class="CtreTexte" src=
    "http://img.over-blog.com/600x278/0/55/19/29/Nuevas-fotos/guerra.jpg">
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 12pt;">Estamos atrapados en una paradoja. Por un lado no podíamos abandonar la oposición libia a su suerte ya que la conquista de Benghazi por Gadafi significaría una
    represión muy sangrienta y un retroceso general para la transición democrática en el norte de África. Por otra parte, los bombardeos están siendo considerados muy negativamente por la opinión
    pública árabe (el domingo pasado hubo una gran manifestación en el Cairo) que se encuentra muy sensibilizada por las intervenciones extranjeras en países musulmanes.&nbsp;</span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 12pt;">La intervención militar que hace unos días parecía una obligación humanitaria y política ahora amenaza con debilitar la revolución árabe democrática al
    identificarla con las bombas que caen de los F-18 franceses y británicos en lugar de relacionarla con los &nbsp;los derechos fundamentales y las libertades democráticas. Una prolongada campaña
    militar occidental podría ser muy contraproducente para los deseados cambios políticos que están siendo promovidos por millones de jóvenes de Marruecos hasta Yemen.&nbsp; Probablemente una cierta
    intervención militar exterior, muy limitada y precisa fuera necesaria en Libia, pero ahora se deben primar objetivos políticos por otros medios más complejos.</span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: center;">
    <img alt="guerra-Guernika.jpg" height="394" width="600" class="CtreTexte" src="http://img.over-blog.com/600x394/0/55/19/29/m-s-fotos/guerra-Guernika.jpg">
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <br>
    <span style="font-size: 12pt;">Nos parece importante frenar cuanto antes la acción militar y de formular una estrategia europea diplomática y económica. &nbsp;Ya se ha conseguido debilitar a la
    estructura militar de Gadafi y de salvar el núcleo fuerte de la oposición democrática libia. Ahora seria más sensato proponer un alto de fuego basado en las actuales posiciones de las partes
    enfrentadas y con una clara linea de separación de las tropas de Gadafi de las ciudades en control de la oposición. La coalición europea podría condicionar la futura compra de recursos
    energéticos libios y la descongelación de parte de los activos financieros del régimen a la aceptación por parte de Gadafi de la entrada en Líbia de observadores de la Liga Árabe para vigilar el
    alto de fuego y asegurar la protección de los civiles, además de entablar negociaciones con la oposición con el doble objetivo de facilitar una transición democrática y de mantener la unidad
    territorial del país que ahora se encuentra en entredicho.</span><br>
    <br>
    <span style="font-size: 12pt;">Lo peor seria convertir a Gadafi en una admirada víctima de una "agresión imperialista ávida de petróleo" en lugar de reconocer que es un dictador sangriento que
    lleva 40 años en el poder. Un boicot europeo al petróleo y gas libios junto con otras medidas económicas, además de la amenaza de más bombardeos, podrían obligar una salida política negociada
    bajo los auspicios de la ONU y la Liga Árabe.&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 12pt;">La otra alternativa es peor, sería la división territorial de Líbia. Pero una guerra prolongada con la continuada implicación extranjera sería aún más nefasta para
    el futuro de toda la región.&nbsp;</span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    &nbsp;
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <strong><span style="font-size: 12pt;">David Hammerstein</span></strong>
  </p>]]></description>
        <pubDate>Tue, 22 Mar 2011 10:39:00 +0100</pubDate>        <guid isPermaLink="false">d1fc32935b9029ab70490913ac47068a</guid>
                <category>Internacional</category>        <comments>http://www.davidhammerstein.com/article-libia-y-ahora-que-69937940-comments.html#anchorComment</comments>                    </item>
      <item>
        <title><![CDATA[Declaración de los jóvenes de Benghazi, Libia 22-2-2011]]></title>
        <link>http://www.davidhammerstein.com/article-declaracion-de-los-jovenes-de-benghazi-libia-22-2-2011-67906518.html</link>        <description><![CDATA[<p>
    Este mensaje me ha llegado desde Libia por medio de una amiga argelina.&nbsp; Da una idea de los motivos que mueven a muchos de los jóvenes libios y su revolución.
  </p>
  <p>
    &nbsp;
  </p>
  <p>
    <img src="http://idata.over-blog.com/0/55/19/29/m-s-fotos/globogaza.jpg" class="CtreTexte" alt="globogaza.jpg" height="367" width="216">
  </p>
  <p>
    <br>
    بيان انتصار ثورة 17 فبراير المباركة<br>
    *&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *&nbsp;&nbsp; *&nbsp;&nbsp; *&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *<br>
    بسم الدماء الطاهرة الزكية لشهداء الثورة الليبية التي فجرها شبابنا البواسل سلمياً في جميع مدن وقرى وواحات ليبيا العزيزة وانضمت إليها مختلف فئات وشرائح المجتمع وأسقطت الدكتاتورية بكل أدواتها
    ولجانها.<br>
    وبالنظر لما قام به هذا النظام من إطلاق النار بكافة أنواع الأسلحة واستخدام العنف المفرط ضد المتظاهرين العزل المسالمين من أبناء الشعب الليبي واستخدام فرق الموت من المرتزقة الأجانب لقمع هذا الشعب،
    ونظراً للجرائم الوحشية والانتهاكات الصارخة لحقوق الإنسان وحرياته ولكافة الأعراف والمواثيق الوطنية والدولية، عليه نعلن:<br>
    1- بناء دولة ليبيا الموحدة الحرة المدنية كاملة السيادة.<br>
    2- وضع دستور يستمد شرعيته من إرادة الشعب وثورة 17 فبراير المظفرة ومستنداً على احترام حقوق الإنسان وضمان الحريات العامة والفصل بين السلطات واستقلال القضاء وبناء المؤسسات الوطنية على أسس تكفل
    المشاركة الواسعة والتعددية والتداول السلمي الديمقراطي للسلطة وحق التمثيل لكل فئات وشرائح الشعب الليبي.<br>
    3- التأكيد على وحدة الشعب الليبي والتراب الوطني وتماسك نسيجه الاجتماعي.<br>
    4- احترام كافة الاتفاقيات والمواثيق الدولية أسوة بأعضاء المجتمع الدولي.<br>
    5- حماية وصيانة أرواح وممتلكات كل المتواجدين على أرض ليبيا من مواطنين وأجانب.<br>
    &nbsp;<br>
    &nbsp;إن هذا الإعلان يعبر عن روح ثورة 17 فبراير الساعية لإعادة بناء الدولة الليبية على أسس الشرعية والقانون والمؤسسات المستلهمة من نضال الشعب الليبي البطل عبر تاريخه وما يقره بإرادته الحرة.<br>
    وفي الوقت ذاته نهيب بكافة الدول والهيئات والمنظمات الدولية والإقليمية ومنظمات حقوق الإنسان لأداء واجبها الإنساني لإيقاف المجزرة وجرائم الإبادة الجماعية التي ترتكبها فلول النظام المنهار ضد أبناء
    وبنات وأطفال شعبنا الباسل الأعزل في عاصمتنا طرابلس وباقي مدننا وقرانا.<br>
    &nbsp; وإذ نعلن هذا البيان إعلاناً لانتصار ثورة 17 فبراير الشبابية وقطعاً للطريق على الانتهازيين والانقلابيين فإننا نتطلع إلى قرب تحرر عاصمتنا من ربقة الطغيان.<br>
    عاشت ثورة 17 فبراير الشبابية السلمية المباركة<br>
    عاشت ليبيا جمهورية حرة موحدة<br>
    ثوار 17 فبراير<br>
    <br>
  </p>
  <p>
    &nbsp;
  </p>
  <p>
    ليبيا الحرة في: 22 فبراير 2011
  </p>
  <p>
    &nbsp;
  </p>
  <p>
    RESUMENES EN FRANCES Y DESPÚES EN CASTELLANO
  </p>
  <p>
    &nbsp;
  </p>
  <p>
    <br>
    1 - construction d'un Etat libyen uni, libre, souverain<br>
    2 - Mise en place d'une constitution garantissant les libertés publiques et respectueuse des droits de l'homme, de la séparation des pouvoirs et de l'indépendance de la justice et l'instauration
    d'institutions nationales représentatives, participatives et pluralistes, reconnaissant l'alternance démocratique et pacifique du pouvoir et le droit à la représentation de toutes les composantes
    du peuple libyen.<br>
    3 - réaffirmation de l'unité du peuple libyen et de la cohésion de son tissu social<br>
    4 - respect de toutes les conventions internationales et chartes de la communauté internationale<br>
    5 Protection de tous les biens du peuple libyen et de toutes les personnes étrangères présentes sur le sol.<br>
    &nbsp;<br>
    "Cette déclaration est le reflet de l'esprit qui anime la révolution du 17 février afin de procéder à la reconstruciton de l'Etat libyen sur la base du droit et de la légitimité (...). Nous en
    appelons à tous les Etats, insitutions internationales et régionales ainsi à qu'à toutes les institutions défendant les droits de l'homme de mettre fin à ce crime contre l'humanité que commet le
    pouvoir en place (...). Ce communiqué est celui de la victoire de la révolution du 17 février et&nbsp; nous sommes en marche pour libérer notre capitale Tripoli"<br>
    &nbsp;<br>
    "vive la révolution jeune et pacifique"<br>
    &nbsp;<br>
    "Vive la libye unie et libre"
  </p>
  <p>
    &nbsp;
  </p>
  <p>
    &nbsp;
  </p>
  <p>
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;"><strong>Declaración de Benghazi, 22 de febrero de 2011</strong></span>
  </p>
  <p>
    &nbsp;
  </p>
  <p>
    &nbsp;
  </p>
  <p>
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;">&nbsp;1. La construcción de un estado líbio unido, libre y soberano.</span>
  </p>
  <p>
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;">2. La aprobación de una constitución que garantiza las libertades públicas y que repeta los derechos humanos, la separación de poderes y la independencia de la
    justicia y la instauración de instituciones nacionales representativas, participativas y pluralistas, reconciendo la alternancia democrática y pacífica del poder y el derecho a la representación
    de todos los componentes del pueblo líbio.</span>
  </p>
  <p>
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;">3. La reafirmación de la unidad del pueblo libio y de la cohesión del su tejido social.</span>
  </p>
  <p>
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;">4. El respeto de todas las convenciones internacionales y cartas de la comunidad internacional.</span>
  </p>
  <p>
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;">5. La protección de todos los bienes del pueblo líbio y de todas las personas extranjeras presentes en suelo líbio.</span>
  </p>
  <p>
    &nbsp;
  </p>
  <p>
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;">"Esta declaración refleja el espiritú que anima la revolución del 17 de febrero con el objetivo de proceder a la reconstrucción del Estado Líbio sobre la base del
    derecho y de la legitimidad (....) Hacemos un llamamiento a todos los estados, instituciones internacionales y regionales, así como&nbsp; a todas las instituciones que defienden los derechos
    humanos que pongan fin a este crimen contra la humanidad que esta cometiendo el actual régimen (....) Este comunicado es el de la victoria del 17 de febrero y ya estamos en marcha para liberar
    nuestra capital Tripoli. "</span>
  </p>
  <p>
    &nbsp;
  </p>
  <p>
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;">"¡Viva la revolución joven y pacífica!"</span>
  </p>
  <p>
    &nbsp;
  </p>
  <p>
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;">"¡Viva la líbia unida y libre!"</span>
  </p>]]></description>
        <pubDate>Wed, 23 Feb 2011 15:37:00 +0100</pubDate>        <guid isPermaLink="false">4680b4294d27c11b936f22ab3045be18</guid>
                <category>Internacional</category>        <comments>http://www.davidhammerstein.com/article-declaracion-de-los-jovenes-de-benghazi-libia-22-2-2011-67906518-comments.html#anchorComment</comments>                    </item>
      <item>
        <title><![CDATA[Carmen Chacón: con la democracia en casa, con los dictadores en el mundo árabe]]></title>
        <link>http://www.davidhammerstein.com/article-carmen-chacon-con-la-democracia-en-casa-con-los-dictadores-en-el-mundo-arabe-67083248.html</link>        <description><![CDATA[<p>
    <img src="http://img.over-blog.com/250x250/0/55/19/29/20080611elpepivin_2.gif" class="CtreTexte" alt="20080611elpepivin_2.gif" height="250" width="250">
  </p>
  <p>
    <br>
    De repente, en las últimas semanas,&nbsp; algunos políticos españoles y europeos se han convertido en fervientes fans de la democracia árabe sin haber hecho primero la más mínima autocrítica de
    su vergonzoso comportamiento político durante los últimos tiempos hacia los de derechos humanos en los países vecinos de mediterráneo.<br>
    <br>
    <strong>"A veces por prudencia hemos sido benevolentes con los tiranos"</strong> ha declarado nuestra Ministra de Defensa.&nbsp;<br>
    <br>
    Tiene Carme Chacón el mérito expresarse con cierta honestidad ya que por los menos admite lo más evidente: el respaldo diplomático y militar español a mandatarios autoritarios árabes. Sin
    embargo, la formulación de Chacón esconde bastante manipulación de la verdad y a la vez intenta perdonarse por una actuación política impresentable, además de contraproducente.<br>
    <br>
    ¿Solo "a veces" con los gobiernos dictatoriales de Tunez y Egipto, por ejemplo? No es la verdad. Durante las últimos décadas los responsables políticos españoles, como la mayoría de los
    europeos,&nbsp; han dado una prioridad constante a las buenas relaciones con los dictadores más sangrientos al mismo tiempo que han dado la espalda a los principales opositores democráticos.<br>
    <br>
    La Ministra se excusa por haber apoyado a los tiranos con la necesidad de "prudencia."&nbsp;&nbsp; Sin duda alguna, los motivos del apoyo a los regímenes de Marruecos, Argelia, Túnez,&nbsp; Libia
    y Egipto poco o nada tienen que ver con "la prudencia" sino unos intereses económicos, energéticos y inmigratorios puros y duros.&nbsp;&nbsp; ¿Pero, sigue siendo&nbsp; prudente apoyar
    indefinidamente el aplastamiento de la voluntad popular de millones de personas del norte de África? ¿Se puede utilizar el deseo de "la estabilidad" para reforzar unas&nbsp; políticas
    petrificadas, corruptas y terriblemente injustas?<br>
    <br>
    Igual una reformulación más ajustada con la realidad de la frase de Chacón seria: <strong>"Siempre por intereses propios hemos sido complacientes con los tiranos"</strong><br>
    <br>
    En contraste con toda la retórica sobre los principios democráticos europeos, la lamentable realidad de la actuación práctica de la Unión Europea y de sus estados miembros ha sido muy útil para
    fortalecer la tiranías del Norte de África.&nbsp; Sin ir más lejos, podemos recordar un artículo publicado en un diario de Cairo hace solo dos meses por el embajador de la Unión Europea en
    Egipto, Marc Franco. Alabó las reformas democráticas de Hosni Mubarak y concluyó que <strong>"considerando los últimos años, es justo afirmar que Egipto ha dado pasos valientes hacia la promoción
    de una cultura de derechos humanos en todas las facetas de la sociedad egipcia."&nbsp;</strong><br>
    <br>
    <br>
    Esperamos que las rebeliones de las últimas semanas provoquen una profunda reflexión en nuestros líderes&nbsp; "prudentes" y "benevolentes"&nbsp; para que den un giro democrático a un proyecto
    común&nbsp; justo con nuestros vecinos más cercanos del Sur.
  </p>]]></description>
        <pubDate>Sun, 13 Feb 2011 11:30:00 +0100</pubDate>        <guid isPermaLink="false">f8607fbc6b1c992713e08031da53a1b7</guid>
                <category>Internacional</category>        <comments>http://www.davidhammerstein.com/article-carmen-chacon-con-la-democracia-en-casa-con-los-dictadores-en-el-mundo-arabe-67083248-comments.html#anchorComment</comments>                    </item>
      <item>
        <title><![CDATA[Egypt: A wake up call for Israel]]></title>
        <link>http://www.davidhammerstein.com/article-egypt-a-wake-up-call-for-israel-66948991.html</link>        <description><![CDATA[<h1 style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: medium;"><img src="http://idata.over-blog.com/0/55/19/29/bensky.jpg" class="noAlign" alt="bensky.jpg" height="300" width="225"><br>
    <br>
    One of the often heard responses in Israel to the Egyptian popular<br>
    rebellion has been the consideration of the Muburak regime as a<br>
    necessary “lesser evil” to any form of democratic rule that would lead<br>
    inevitably to an unstable and dangerous radical Islamic alternative.<br>
    Obamaś support for “a democratic transition” and “free elections” in<br>
    Egypt is considered by many Israeli leaders and some right wing leaders<br>
    in the US as “throwing Egypt to the dogs.” Even some see “the fall<br>
    of Egypt” as creating a dire situation for Israel because “Israel can<br>
    only make peace with dictators” due to the endemic hate for Israel and<br>
    Jews among the Arab population.<br>
    <br>
    These double-standard arguments that base “stability” on oppression are<br>
    at once incoherent, simplistic and, ultimately, dangerous<br>
    self-fulfilling prophecies&nbsp; for the future and viability of Israel. Can<br>
    Israel"s security and certain supposed “western interests” justify<br>
    supporting the endless subjugation and hopelessness of tens of millions<br>
    of Egyptians and other Arab citizens? Can a combination of fear and<br>
    racist condescension justify saying “democracy is not for Arabs”? Can<br>
    Israel ever accept that it is a part of the Middle East and that it<br>
    cannot ignore the language, culture and public opinion of&nbsp; neigbouring<br>
    arab countries?<br>
    <br>
    It is true that the arduous and long task of creating democratic<br>
    institutions and a tolerant culture of political pluralism goes far<br>
    beyond the fall of a dictatorship and the organization of free<br>
    elections. This is especially true in a big country like Egypt where<br>
    tremendous poverty and illiteracy are very fertile ground for religious<br>
    extremism. But the greatest danger of extremism is precisely the lack of<br>
    hope for a better and freer society among millions of young people.<br>
    <br>
    Nevertheless, many fallacies are being repeated. The Muslim Brotherhood,<br>
    while not a liberal party, is clearly not a copy of the Iranian<br>
    Ayatollahs or other fundamentalists. Many of them even say they want to<br>
    follow the example the moderate Turkish islamic leaders while others<br>
    insist that they will respect a pluralistic civil state and do not wish<br>
    to impose the Sharia or other radical measures. One must also keep in<br>
    mind the moderating influence of many smaller secular opposition groups<br>
    and the influence of the westerned trained Egyptian army that will<br>
    surely not favour the formation of a radical government that breaks with<br>
    the West. In fact, in the daily protests when some islamists shouted the<br>
    slogan “Islam is the answer”, the majority of the crowd drowned them out<br>
    with chants of “Moslems and Christians together for Egypt”. While most<br>
    Egyptians are deeply religious the present wave of protests across the<br>
    arab world has very little to do with an “Islamic revolution.”<br>
    <br>
    Israel"s strategic position over the last 30 years has been based on a<br>
    close security relationship with Egypt. Needless to say, the changes<br>
    taking place in Egypt, will have a profound effect on the future<br>
    security and political possibilities of Israel. Since any future<br>
    Egyptian Government will be much more sensitive to the the pressure of<br>
    public opinion, there will obviously be more problems for close<br>
    Israeli-Egyptian security cooperation with regards to Gaza, the<br>
    Palestinians in general and the Sinai peninsula.<br>
    <br>
    Even a slow transition toward democracy will create much greater<br>
    pressure in favour of a political solution to the Palestinian problem<br>
    and make the present Israeli entrenchment untenable.<br>
    <br>
    While peace between Egypt and Israel will surely not be in danger,<br>
    there will be more turbulences in the up until now smooth workings of the<br>
    1979 Israel-Egypt peace agreement. From now on Israel will not be able<br>
    to almost ignore its southern security flank. Also placed in jeopardy is<br>
    the blockade of Gaza that requires Egyptian cooperation. Any<br>
    democratically elected Egyptian Government will have a hard time<br>
    accepting the present policy of intimate military cooperation<br>
    based on the status quo of the Palestinian-Israeli crisis.<br>
    <br>
    A new regional order possibly is in the making in which Israel cannot<br>
    continue acting as if what is happening on the other side of the walls<br>
    and fences does not concern them. Israel and the Zionist movement has<br>
    always had a clear preference for the top-down approach of palace<br>
    politics or super-power protection.<br>
    <br>
    As political thinker Hannah Arendt wrote in 1944: “Nationalism is bad<br>
    enough when it trusts in nothing but the rude force of the nation. A<br>
    nationalism that necessarily and admittedly depends upon the force of a<br>
    foreign power is certainly worse . . . the Zionists, if they continue to<br>
    ignore the Mediterranean peoples and watch out only for the big faraway<br>
    powers, will appear only as their tools, the agents of foreign and<br>
    hostile interests.”<br>
    <br>
    <br>
    Now, in the context of historic changes in the Arab world it is<br>
    essential for Israel to heed the writing on the wall, to open up to a<br>
    broader concept of politics, to quickly accept the challenge of a just<br>
    peace with the Palestinians by withdrawing from the West Bank and East<br>
    Jerusalem, to end the blockade of Gaza and to allow Palestinians to<br>
    breathe, to accept international security arrangements on the ground, to<br>
    look at the big picture of the Mid-East and to start ignoring the<br>
    smaller pictures of extremist settler groups and other narrow minded<br>
    nationalists.<br>
    <br>
    <br>
    The events in Egypt are a serious wake up call for Israel. The Tel Aviv<br>
    “bubble” has burst.<br>
    <br>
    David Hammerstein</span>
  </h1>]]></description>
        <pubDate>Fri, 11 Feb 2011 15:25:00 +0100</pubDate>        <guid isPermaLink="false">06d5ecdac3fc115291a8ab883b42d1f9</guid>
                <category>Internacional</category>        <comments>http://www.davidhammerstein.com/article-egypt-a-wake-up-call-for-israel-66948991-comments.html#anchorComment</comments>                    </item>
      <item>
        <title><![CDATA[20 millones votan la opción verde de Marina Silva]]></title>
        <link>http://www.davidhammerstein.com/article-20-millones-de-personas-votan-la-opcion-verde-de-marina-silva-58552052.html</link>        <description><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: justify;">
    <br>
    <br>
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="font-size: 12pt;">&nbsp; Los casi veinte millones de votos cosechados por Marina Silva&nbsp; son un hito para el movimiento verde global.&nbsp;
    Demuestra que la ecologia política no es "un lujo" para las sociedades opulentas del Norte y que se puede combinar con éxito un discurso social coherente de ecologia y de economía en un país con
    grandes bolsas de pobreza y analfebetismo.&nbsp; Contradice las voces que consideran el movimiento verde como "una expresión post-materialista"&nbsp; solo apta para los tiempos de bonanza
    económica.</span><br>
    <br>
    <br>
    <span style="font-size: 12pt;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; La campaña de Marina Silva fue especialmente transversal ya que conseguía votos de muy distintas procedencias, desde los jóvenes desencantados
    con la polarización izquierda-derecha de los dos grandes partidos, los votantes de izquierdas defraudados por las promesas incumplidas de los gobiernos de Lula,&nbsp; del movimiento ecologista
    que rechaza la terrible política productivista de destrucción de las amazonas,&nbsp; de las clases medias cultas que huyen de la retórica ideológica - sea populista o conservadora,&nbsp; de
    comunidades cristianas de base que respetan la profunda devoción religiosa de Marina Silva, de sectores empresariales que apoyan las llamadas a favor de un fuerte mercado de "economía verde", de
    luchadores sindicales de las amazonas que siguen el ejemplo del martir Chico Mendés... y muchos más.</span><br>
    <br>
    <span style="font-size: 12pt;">&nbsp;&nbsp; Marina Silva ha sido atacada durante la campaña desde la izquierda como "eco-capitalista" y por tener como candidato a la vice-presidencia a un
    empresario de la industria cosmética (lider de WWF).&nbsp; Le acusaban de hacer el juego a la derecha, de dividir la izquierda, de buscar la venganza personal por su marginación dentro del
    Gobierno de Lula.</span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <br>
    <span style="font-size: 12pt;">No hay que olvidar que la actual candidata a la presidencia del Partido de los Trabajadores Dilma Roussef es una enemiga acerrima de cualquier política ambiental y
    en su cargo de jefa del gabinete de Lula se dedicaba a boicotear todas las propuestas ambientalistas y en defensa de las amazonas de la entonces ministra de Medio Ambiente Marina
    Silva.</span><br>
    <br>
    <br>
    <span style="font-size: 12pt;">&nbsp; Ahora el Partido Verde debe decidir si pedirá el voto para otr@ candidat@ en la segunda ronda de las elecciones. Una decisión difícil.</span>
  </p>]]></description>
        <pubDate>Sat, 09 Oct 2010 07:49:00 +0200</pubDate>        <guid isPermaLink="false">f567684026b4cda00a7762f64560ad3f</guid>
                <category>Internacional</category>        <comments>http://www.davidhammerstein.com/article-20-millones-de-personas-votan-la-opcion-verde-de-marina-silva-58552052-comments.html#anchorComment</comments>                    </item>
      <item>
        <title><![CDATA[Eco-paz entre palestinos e israelies]]></title>
        <link>http://www.davidhammerstein.com/article-eco-paz-entre-palestinos-e-israelies-44694239.html</link>        <description><![CDATA[<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><br></span>
  <div style="text-align: center;">
    <span style="font-size: 12pt;"><strong><span style="font-size: 14pt;">Los límites ecológicos son condiciones para la paz&nbsp;</span></strong></span>
  </div>
  <div style="text-align: center;">
    <em><strong><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;">en el Oriente Próximo</span><br>
    &nbsp;</span></strong></em>
  </div>
  <div style="text-align: center;">
    <span style="font-size: 12pt;">Resumen de la comunicación presentada ante el Foro Palestino-Israelí por la Paz, celebrado en Florencia el 8 y 9 de febrero de 2010</span>
  </div><br>
  <div style="text-align: center;">
    <img width="500" height="326" alt="jerusalem-jpg.jpg" class="CtreTexte" src="http://img.over-blog.com/500x326/0/55/19/29/Nuevas-fotos/jerusalem-jpg.jpg">
  </div>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br>
  <div style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 12pt;"><br>
    Unos recursos naturales finitos y especialmente frágiles entre el río Jordán y el mar Mediterráneo constituyen un factor importante que condiciona y caracteriza cualquier posibilidad de llegar a
    un futuro acuerdo de paz entre palestinos e israelíes. Al mismo tiempo las dos partes en conflicto están condenadas a una cooperación en la gestión sustentable de unos bienes ambientales comunes
    en una muy estrecha franja de terreno, densamente poblada y ecologicamente estresada.&nbsp;<br>
    &nbsp;</span>
  </div>
  <div style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 12pt;">La actual situación entre israelíes y palestinos puede describirse como de gran injusticia ambiental por el desigual acceso al sustento natural lo que exige unos
    cambios radicales en la gestión de los recursos ambientales escasos, especialmente el agua, debido a la intensa presión ecológica que sufre a consecuencia de la sobredemanda y
    lasobre-explotación. Para poder facilitar un equitativo y viable marco biofísico para un acuerdo de paz, es necesario un reparto mucho más justo y equilibrado que favorezca a la población
    palestina. El Estado de Israel deberá transformar elementos importantes de su actividad económica y agrícola para obtener unas significativas reducciones de sus demandas sobre el capital natural
    común. Al mismo tiempo los palestinos deben también también por evitar la trampa de repetir los viejos modelos "sucios" del desarrollo, y para ello deberán&nbsp;orientar su incipiente Estado
    hacía nuevos modelos económicos mucho más limpios y con menos huellas destructivas sobre un entorno natural tan delicado.<br>
    &nbsp;</span>
  </div><br>
  <div style="text-align: center;">
    <img alt="el-muro.jpg" height="600" width="450" class="CtreTexte" src="http://img.over-blog.com/450x600/0/55/19/29/david-hammerstein-personal/el-muro.jpg">
  </div><br>
  <div style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 12pt;"><br>
    En el conflicto palestino-israeli la igualdad social y la ecología no son separables, constituyen dos caras de la misma moneda. No se puede aliviar la endémica pobreza de la ciudadanía palestina
    sin, al mismo tiempo, moderar el sobreconsumo israeli que está intensificando el conflicto sobre unos recursos naturales escasos. Si Israel no se mueve hacía unas pautas de consumo de baja
    demanda ambiental, que es un requisito para una relación más equitativa y justa con los palestinos, la lucha sobre el acceso al suelo, agua y energía puede recrudecerse.&nbsp; La eficiencia
    tecnológica puede y debe ayudar pero no es una panacea ante el sobreconsumo; más que unos milagrosos avances técnicos lo que la región necesita son unas recetas globales de suficiencia y unos
    nuevos derechos ambientales de los palestinos hacia su entorno natural.<br>
    &nbsp;</span>
  </div>
  <div style="text-align: justify;">
    <br>
    <div style="text-align: center;">
      <img alt="_45962732_banksy_230609_rushes1.jpg" height="337" width="600" class="CtreTexte" src=
      "http://img.over-blog.com/600x337/0/55/19/29/david-hammerstein-personal/_45962732_banksy_230609_rushes1.jpg">
    </div>
  </div>
  <div style="text-align: justify;">
    <br>
    <span style="font-size: 12pt;"><br>
    La creación de unos dignos y suficientes sustentos de vida para la ciudadanía palestina no será posible sin un nuevo marco ambiental negociado por las partes y arbitrado por la comunidad
    internacional, principalmente por la Unión Europea. También&nbsp; las ayudas europeas deben ser coherentes con su propia política ambiental y velar políticamente por nuevo acceso y reparto
    equitativo a los bienes naturales comunes. Dada las muy desiguales relaciones de fuerza entre palestinos e israelies no podemos depender solamente de los acuerdos bilaterales para afrontar la
    actual situación de injusticia ambiental. La enérgica implicación externa es necesaria para mediar y prevenir una creciente crisis socio-ecológica que podría abortar cualquier iniciativa de paz.
    Tampoco debemos olvidar que la pobreza ambiental de los palestinos no emana principalmente de una falta de ingresos económicos sino de una falta de poder político.&nbsp;</span>
  </div>]]></description>
        <pubDate>Wed, 10 Feb 2010 23:01:00 +0100</pubDate>        <guid isPermaLink="false">f8fbc8e1405496661d5e62c6ed13b21c</guid>
                <category>Internacional</category>        <comments>http://www.davidhammerstein.com/article-eco-paz-entre-palestinos-e-israelies-44694239-comments.html#anchorComment</comments>                    </item>
      <item>
        <title><![CDATA[ECO-PEACE BETWEEN ISRAELIS AND PALESTINIANS]]></title>
        <link>http://www.davidhammerstein.com/article-eco-peace-between-israelis-and-palestinians-44514074.html</link>        <description><![CDATA[<br>
  <div style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 12pt;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <strong>Environmental limits to peace conditions human security (ABSTRACT),<br>
    &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; at Palestinian-Israeli Peace Forum in Florence, Italy, 8th-9th of February, 2010<br></strong><br></span>
    <div style="text-align: center;">
      <span style="font-size: 12pt;"><img alt="burros-luchando.jpg" height="255" width="600" class="CtreTexte" src=
      "http://img.over-blog.com/600x255/0/55/19/29/david-hammerstein-personal/burros-luchando.jpg"></span>
    </div>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br>
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;">The finite nature of natural resources are a crucial limiting factor when considering a possible future peace agreement.<br>
    <br>
    &nbsp; The present situation of blatant environmental injustice between Palestinians and Israelis demands radical changes in the management of scarce resources, especially water, in light of the
    already overburdened carrying capacity of fragile ecosystems. To facilitate the bio-physical framework for peace Israel needs to transform important elements of its economic and agricultural
    activity toward a significant reduction of demands on natural capital while Palestinians must be able to avoid copying old "dirty" models of development and to "leap-frog" into new models of
    ecological modernity.<br>
    <br>
    &nbsp; Ecology and equity in the Israeli - Palestinian conflict are closely linked. Palestinian poverty cannot by alleviating without alleviating&nbsp; at the same time certain forms of Israeli
    over-consumption that are intensifying conflicts over resources.&nbsp; Unless Israelis move toward a more "resource-lite life-style" that allows more equitable sharing with Palestinians the fight
    over water, land and energy will intensify. Technological efficiency is important but is not a panacea; more than efficiency we need clear forms of sufficiency through a fair access to
    resources.&nbsp; The creation of dignified livelihoods for Palestinians, poverty reduction and environmental protection are inextricably linked. Without a holistic consideration of the Mid-East
    social-environmental crisis, general ecological disruption could abort any progress toward peace.<br></span>
    <div style="text-align: center;">
      <span style="font-size: 14pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><br></span></span>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: center;">
      <span style="font-size: 14pt;"><img alt="cisjordania-copie-1.jpg" height="431" width="600" class="CtreTexte" src=
      "http://img.over-blog.com/600x431/0/55/19/29/david-hammerstein-personal/cisjordania-copie-1.jpg"></span>
    </div><span style="font-size: 14pt;">&nbsp;<br>
    Any consideration of these contradictions need firm international arbitration and support, principally from the European Union. Given the great equality and power gap between Israelis and
    Palestinians bilateral environmental agreements alone will not suffice to move toward environmental justice.&nbsp; We must remember that Palestinian environmental poverty is not due to the lack
    of income but to the lack of power.</span>
  </div><br>
  <br>]]></description>
        <pubDate>Mon, 08 Feb 2010 11:57:00 +0100</pubDate>        <guid isPermaLink="false">e868b93252277982596a9b9f3d299ed0</guid>
                <category>Internacional</category>        <comments>http://www.davidhammerstein.com/article-eco-peace-between-israelis-and-palestinians-44514074-comments.html#anchorComment</comments>                    </item>
      <item>
        <title><![CDATA[A deadline for mideast peace]]></title>
        <link>http://www.davidhammerstein.com/article-35946537.html</link>        <description><![CDATA[<div>
    <div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 18px/normal Helvetica;">
      <span style="font-family: Helvetica;">Opening remarks by David Hammerstein at Middle East workshop on CFSP review conference organised by SWP Foundation, Berlin &nbsp; &nbsp; 10-09-09</span>
    </div>
    <div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 18px/normal Helvetica; min-height: 22px;"></div>
    <div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 18px/normal Helvetica; min-height: 22px;"></div>
    <div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 18px/normal Helvetica;">
      <strong>Ending the "blank cheque" in EU policy on the Palestinian-Israeli conflict</strong>
    </div>
    <div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 18px/normal Helvetica; min-height: 22px;"></div>
    <div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 18px/normal Helvetica;">
      <em>Costs and incentives in EU policy to end the "occupation business", growing Palestinian dependency and the case for political efficacy in financial aide to the Palestinian Authority and
      Israel.&nbsp; Setting deadlines and phasing out EU aid as an expression of political pressure and budgetary coherence.&nbsp;</em>
    </div>
    <div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 18px/normal Helvetica; min-height: 22px;"></div>
    <div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-align: justify; font: normal normal normal 18px/normal Verdana;">
      The European Union's top foreign policy representative Javier Solana has recently called for the United Nations Security Council to recognise a Palestinian State and the two-state solution by a
      certain deadline even if Israel and others do not.&nbsp; Many voices believe this initiative should be considered for support by the international community. Is this feasible? In any case,
      Solana´s proposal reflects a growing frustration over the meagre efficacy of present EU policy toward the conflict and the growing loss of hope in a viable two-state solution.&nbsp;
    </div>
    <div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-align: justify; font: normal normal normal 18px/normal Verdana; min-height: 22px;"></div>
    <div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-align: justify; font: normal normal normal 18px/normal Verdana;">
      New policy strategies are needed to forward a stable peace between Israel and the Palestinians. &nbsp;
    </div>
    <div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-align: justify; font: normal normal normal 18px/normal Verdana; min-height: 22px;"></div>
    <div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-align: justify; font: normal normal normal 18px/normal Verdana;">
      Should the EU and EU member states reconsider its present form of aide to the PA if there is no signficant&nbsp; political progress on the ground and at the negotiating table? How can this aid
      create incentives and costs for moving toward a final peace agreement? Is the EU perpetuating the status quo and the dependency on the "occupation business" on both sides? Should Israel pay
      back for all or part of EU aide to the Palestinians? Should EU financial aide, aside from humanitarian, continue indefinitely despite the lack of political progress? In the case of no
      significant progress toward a final settlement should we not consider a phasing out of "state building" and structural aide to the Palestinian Authority?&nbsp;
    </div>
    <div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-align: justify; font: normal normal normal 18px/normal Verdana; min-height: 22px;"></div>
    <div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-align: justify; font: normal normal normal 18px/normal Verdana;">
      &nbsp;The EU will provide 440 million euros to the PA in 2009. In 2008 the US gave 150 million to the PA and another 264 million in direct economic support and security) direct assistance to
      the PA. This does not include humanitarian aid. For example, the EU contributed 66 million euros de UNRWA in 2008 and the US over 150 million.&nbsp;
    </div>
    <div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-align: justify; font: normal normal normal 18px/normal Verdana; min-height: 22px;"></div>
    <div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-align: justify; font: normal normal normal 18px/normal Verdana;">
      Obviously this aid is not very effective in the present context. A political horizon is needed. Without a credible and unlimited freeze on settlement expansion in Jerusalem and the West Bank
      and without&nbsp; a stable and legally viable agreement for Palestinian Unity, among other measures on the ground,&nbsp; we must face the reality that the EU can not play the role of disguising
      an unsustainable situation. &nbsp;
    </div>
    <div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-align: justify; font: normal normal normal 18px/normal Verdana; min-height: 22px;"></div>
    <div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-align: justify; font: normal normal normal 18px/normal Verdana;">
      The basic elements of a possible peace agreement are known to all. At present Israel and Hamas reject these basic elements (concerning the international security guarantees,&nbsp; borders, land
      swap, Jerusalem, refugees and water) while the leaders of the Palestinian Authority and the EU and probably President Obama accept them. At present the PA on the West&nbsp; Bank is fulfulling
      the majority of the conditions of the Road Map while Israel, especially concerning sercurity, while Israel does not comply with most of the conditions, most notoriously concerning settlements.
      Should there not be costs and incentives in response to these positions and realities on the ground?
    </div>
    <div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-align: justify; font: normal normal normal 18px/normal Helvetica; min-height: 22px;"></div>
    <div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 18px/normal Helvetica; min-height: 22px;"></div>
    <p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 18px/normal Helvetica; min-height: 22px;">
      &nbsp;&nbsp;
    </p>
    <div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 18px/normal Helvetica;">
      1.Liability, insurance and accountability
    </div>
    <div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 18px/normal Helvetica; min-height: 22px;"></div>
    <div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 18px/normal Helvetica;">
      &nbsp;&nbsp; If your house catches on fire the local or regional fire-brigade will come and put out the fire.&nbsp; In most European countries either the insurance company or the home owner
      will have to pay for the cost of extinguishing the fire.&nbsp; What happens if your house has another devastating fire six months later and yet two more bad fires the next year ? The
      consequences would be costly because the insurance company would raise its rates significantly and maybe even refuse to continue the coverage. Second of all, there would probably be an
      investigation on the part of the police and the fire department concerning the causes of such frequent fires and the lack of effective fire prevention or reduction measures on the part of the
      home owners. In Europe there is no such thing as no cost, no risk and no fault insurance in cases of repetitive liability over a number of years.&nbsp; This only happens in the Middle East.
    </div>
    <div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 18px/normal Helvetica; min-height: 22px;"></div>
    <div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 18px/normal Helvetica;">
      &nbsp;&nbsp; Israel is a fairly wealthy developed industrialised country with a strong currency and growing economy.&nbsp; Nevertheless, Israel´s financial accountability for the Palestinian
      territories it occupies is very small and despite being a wealthy country it receives massive International aid, in particular for the Palestinian territories under its control since
      1967.&nbsp; Contrary to its international legal obligations Israel does not supply most of the basic services to the Palestinian population of the West Bank and Gaza. This is because the
      majority of these services and humanitarian aide are provided by the European Union and its member states.&nbsp; This EU aide has no strings attached, no conditions, no economic cost and no
      liability for Israel. There is also no end is sight for this aide due to the stalemate in the conflict.&nbsp; Theoretically, EU aide to Palestinians is for "economic stimulation", "institution
      building", "policing", "humanitarian relief" and "conflict prevention", all within the general political objective of forwarding a peace agreement between Israelis and Palestinians. Most in the
      EU would consider this aid a good down payment for peace if a final agreement was finally reached. But what if the present aide is only softening a bit the occupation and there is no political
      perspective on the horizon? In reality, there is no direct link between European aid to the PA, the EU´s economic relationship with Israel and the concrete issues on the ground that block both
      peace and a significant improvement in the lives of Palestinians: settlements, the siege of Gaza and lack of movement of people and goods in general. &nbsp;
    </div>
    <div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 18px/normal Helvetica; min-height: 22px;"></div>
    <div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-align: justify; font: normal normal normal 18px/normal Verdana;">
      &nbsp;Are we paying Israel´s "free lunch" indefinitely with no political dividend in sight. Are we even strengthenng the perpetuation of the status quo?&nbsp; Why should Israel risk exchanging
      today´s "best of all possible worlds"&nbsp; (a properous society on this side of the wall with the other side cared for by others) for the risky business of withdrawals, internal conflicts
      and&nbsp; volatile joint ventures with a faction of the Palestinians?&nbsp;
    </div>
    <div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-align: justify; font: normal normal normal 18px/normal Verdana; min-height: 22px;"></div>
    <div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-align: justify; font: normal normal normal 18px/normal Verdana;">
      The EU greatest allotment of aide per capita in the world is for the Palestinian Authority.&nbsp; Teachers, nurses, civil servants, police and others all receive their monthly salaries from the
      EU. As well, tens of thousands of Palestinians depend on EU humanitarian aid.&nbsp; Nevertheless, we should evaluate if this policy is a positive one that contributes to the building of
      institutions for peace or if it simply is a massive subsidy of the Israeli occupation that eliminates Israel´s legal responsibility of providing services to the occupied population. In other
      words, are we helping to make the occupation economically bearable and not costly for Israel, basically letting the occupier off the hook. &nbsp;
    </div>
    <div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-align: justify; font: normal normal normal 18px/normal Verdana; min-height: 22px;"></div>
    <div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-align: justify; font: normal normal normal 18px/normal Verdana;">
      Another question is if decades of massive "occupation business" made possible mainly by the EU is actually creating vested interests and dependency on both sides, both economical and political,
      for the indefinite continuation of the occupation. Where is the incentive for reaching a two-state solution? What would happen if the EU set a deadline to cut off all but humanitarian aid
      unless Israel took a number of measures to make life more bearable for Palestinians with regard to the siege of Gaza, movement and settlements.&nbsp; Israel would dread the threat of withdrawal
      of aid and the possible collapse of Palestinian&nbsp; institutions that could lead to chaotic situation. It is evident that the present status quo cannot continue. Since the EU pays it must
      play as well.&nbsp;
    </div>
    <div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-align: justify; font: normal normal normal 18px/normal Verdana; min-height: 22px;"></div>
    <div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; text-align: justify; font: normal normal normal 18px/normal Verdana;">
      An option for EU countries as well would be to consider the hundreds of millions of euros spent in the territories as a debt being accumulated by Israel if no peace agreement is reached. The
      accumulated debt should be published periodically, possibly to be recovered through a tax levied on Israeli goods or discounted from&nbsp; participation in EU programmes. If we do not have
      accountability, at least we should have financial accounting and transparency as far as legal obligations. Until a Palestinian State is declared Israel must respond to the debt. With no
      economic incentive for peace, with no penalisation for obstruction, European policy is little more the that of an large NGO.&nbsp;
    </div>
    <div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 18px/normal Helvetica; min-height: 22px;"></div>
    <div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 18px/normal Helvetica; min-height: 22px;"></div>
    <div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 18px/normal Helvetica;">
      &nbsp;&nbsp; The present discussion on a&nbsp; false and contradictory "settlement freeze" is symptomatic of the piecemeal approach of so-called "confidence building measures" that have
      permeating the conflict over the last ten years..&nbsp; It borders on absurdity the fact that it could be considered a concession on the part of Israel to slow down just a bit the settlement
      process for a few months in the West Bank excluding Jerusalem while quickly building hundreds of new homes and legalising hundreds of others, maintaining the same pace of illegal colonisation
      as in past years. &nbsp; There is a basic chasm between the International Community and Israel on the nature of the West Bank and Jerusalem . While the world considers them occupied
      territories, Israel acts&nbsp; at best as if they were "disputed" lands and in the case of "Greater Jerusalem" or the " Jerusalem envelope" as if they were just another part of the State of
      Israel. &nbsp;
    </div>
    <div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 18px/normal Helvetica; min-height: 22px;"></div>
    <div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 18px/normal Helvetica;">
      &nbsp; If Obama excludes Jerusalem from a settlement agreement with Israel he is making a tragic mistake. It could even be considered a step away from the Clinton Parameters on Jerusalem.&nbsp;
      First of all it should be noted that when we speak of Jerusalem we are speaking of a municipal boundary that has grown four-fold under Israeli rule and that now even encompasses Palestinian
      towns and a number of settlements over 10 kilometers away from the Old City. No agreement to even the most moderate Arab leadership can be acceptable without Jerusalem.&nbsp; It makes no sense
      to negotiate a "settlement freeze" without Jerusalem.&nbsp;
    </div>
    <div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 18px/normal Helvetica; min-height: 22px;"></div>
    <div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 18px/normal Helvetica;">
      &nbsp; Obama intends to be ambiguous on the scope of the "settlement freeze" in order to give the impression of "back to the talks", but in reality we are back to the stationary bicycle - lots
      of sweat but no distance covered.&nbsp; This present false "piece process" can only at best produce a few photo opportunities of Arab-Israeli handshakes but no real "peace process" that already
      has a bottom-line minimum of conditions as described in Taba or in the Geneva Initiative.&nbsp; Dialogue for the sake of dialogue can produce more frustration and descrediting of leaders than
      any concrete progress.&nbsp;
    </div>
    <div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 18px/normal Helvetica; min-height: 22px;"></div>
    <div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 18px/normal Helvetica;">
      &nbsp; The time has come for setting dates, demanding liability and ending financial dependency of Palestinians.&nbsp;
    </div>
    <div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 18px/normal Helvetica; min-height: 22px;"></div>
    <p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 18px/normal Helvetica; min-height: 22px;">
      &nbsp;&nbsp;
    </p>
    <div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 18px/normal Helvetica; min-height: 22px;"></div>
  </div>]]></description>
        <pubDate>Fri, 11 Sep 2009 14:13:00 +0200</pubDate>        <guid isPermaLink="false">b3f3a54125190be89c02e4f32552f10b</guid>
                <category>Internacional</category>        <comments>http://www.davidhammerstein.com/article-35946537-6.html#anchorComment</comments>                    </item>
      <item>
        <title><![CDATA[Derechos Humanos sin hipotecas ideológicas]]></title>
        <link>http://www.davidhammerstein.com/article-34421477.html</link>        <description><![CDATA[&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;
  <p style="margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; text-align: justify; font: 15.0px Arial; min-height: 17.0px;">
    <img width="600" height="450" class="CtreTexte" src="http://idata.over-blog.com/0/55/19/29/david-hammerstein-personal/nene-reza--copie-1.jpg">
  </p>
  <p style="margin: 0.0px 0.0px 18.0px 0.0px; text-align: justify; font: 15.0px Arial;">
    <span style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 19px;">&nbsp;&nbsp;<br>
    Una de las virtudes del trabajo parlamentario del Grupo Verde en el Parlamento Europeo es su defensa incondicional de los derechos humanos en el mundo, sin hipotecas ideológicas de ningún tipo.
    Hemos sido igual de implacables frente a Bush con Guantánamo que con los presos políticos de Fidel Castro en Cuba, contra la opresión de la ocupación en Palestina, o contra la represión de
    libertades en China, ya sea en Chechenya como en Guatemala, en Peru, en Irán o&nbsp; en Zimbabwe.</span>
  </p>
  <div style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;"><br></span></span>
  </div>
  <div style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;">Consideramos que la política de la Unión Europea debe priorizar la defensa del los derechos de las personas por encima de intereses comerciales o de ventajas
    estratégicas sobre el control de recursos energéticos o mineros. Sin embargo, la Unión Eurpea se inhibe con el país totalitario más grande. Los líderes europeos fracasan estrepitosamente cuando
    se trata de China, un gigante económico y también un colosal violador de los derechos fundamentales de las personas. Ni siquiera conseguimos que hubiera un boicot simbólico a la ceremonia de
    apertura de las Olimpiadas del pasado verano del 2008. Para la mayoría de europarlamentari@s, resulta más fácil y menos comprometido el protestar ante países pequeños, como es Zimbabwe o Cuba,
    que enfrentarse a una superpotencia económica.<br>
    <br></span>
    <div style="text-align: center;">
      <span style="font-size: 14pt;"><img width="600" height="399" class="CtreTexte" src=
      "http://idata.over-blog.com/0/55/19/29/david-hammerstein-personal/nenemam--alambradas-Derechos.jpg">&nbsp;</span>
    </div>
  </div>
  <p style="margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; text-align: justify; font: 15.0px Arial;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;">&nbsp;</span>
  </p>
  <p style="margin: 0.0px 0.0px 18.0px 0.0px; text-align: justify; font: 15.0px Arial;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;">Con los países árabes sucede algo similar, debido a que están en juego los grandes yacimientos de petróleo y el gas&nbsp; en el Golfo y en el Norte de África, y
    también incide la política europea del "mal menor" al apoyar a régimenes autoritarios y dictatoriales árabes por el miedo de unas alternativas que consideran peores. La Unión Europea tampoco
    presiona más a favor de los derechos humanos en los países árabes por miedo al islamismo radical, y a menudo se razona macabramente que es mejor un estado autoritario que el riesgo de un gobierno
    que pudiera favorecer el terrorismo islámico. El resultado paradójico de todo ello, es una política europea contradictoria y cínica, con un doble rasero de medir que acaba desacreditando a los
    países europeos y afianzando en razones a los mismos fundamentalistas que se quiere combatir. Una cosa son las grandes proclamas y otra es la realidad del realpolitik europea y de los gobiernos
    estatales. China es un caso ejemplar, donde se expresan estas contradicciones en toda su intensidad.&nbsp;</span>
  </p>]]></description>
        <pubDate>Fri, 31 Jul 2009 08:32:00 +0200</pubDate>        <guid isPermaLink="false">e7d34948bcb5d58e4a2a3152f2c8ddd1</guid>
                <category>Internacional</category>        <comments>http://www.davidhammerstein.com/article-34421477-6.html#anchorComment</comments>                    </item>
      <item>
        <title><![CDATA[No "free lunch" for Netanyahu]]></title>
        <link>http://www.davidhammerstein.com/article-34253713.html</link>        <description><![CDATA[<p>
    <strong><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><br></span></strong>
  </p>
  <p>
    <span style="font-size: 12pt;"><br></span>
  </p>
  <p>
    <strong><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Ideas posed by the UN Conference on Palestine Geneva 22-24 of July</span></strong>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: center;">
    <span style="font-size: 16px;"><br>
    <img width="500" height="375" class="CtreTexte" src="http://idata.over-blog.com/0/55/19/29/david-hammerstein-personal/camello-nene-nena-copie-2.jpg"><br>
    <br>
    &nbsp;&nbsp;There is a growing consensus that "business as usual" in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict is coming to an end and that Israel´s "free lunch"&nbsp; might soon have a price on
    it.&nbsp;</span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 12pt;"><br></span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 12pt;">&nbsp;There are a number of new elements. Strengthened by a stronger US position, the Palestinian Authority seems determined not to renew negotiations unless there
    is a real freeze on settlement building.&nbsp; The EU´s High Representative Javier Solana has suggested that the UN Security Council set a mandatory deadline for the establishment of a
    Palestinian State, whether there is a negotiated settlement or not, placing on the table the ultimate threat to impose a solution to the conflict with International forcese. The Quartet is
    pressuring heavily on Israel to ease the blockade and accept the entrance of construction material (11.5 million euros) for the completion of public works projects in Gaza that have been pending
    for years and there is growing pressure to start reconstruction work in Gaza as well.</span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 12pt;"><br></span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 12pt;">&nbsp;&nbsp; The&nbsp; loud and frequent calls for war crimes trials against Isrrael will probably not go anywhere but for the first time the UN is pressing Israel
    seriously to pay reparations for the UN property and material destroyed during the Cast Lead operation. The EU is not vocal on this issue.&nbsp; At the same time there seems to be growing
    criciticism among European Commission Officials that the present massive expenditure paid by taxpayers for maintaining Palestinian life under the occupation cannot continue indefinitely and
    without any costs for Israel.&nbsp; The present status quo is not&nbsp; successful "state building", with no final agreement in sight,&nbsp; and it is not creating political progress on the
    ground. Instead, dependency on EU aide is creating a vast "occupation business" with vested lucrative interests while Israel pays little or nothing for the endless occupation. It was suggested in
    my presentation that the EU and the International Community should condition this form of indirect&nbsp; aide to Israel (who should legally pay as the occupier) to concrete improvement in the
    situation on the ground, lifting the seige in Gaza and&nbsp; the opening up a political perspective for peace. Obviously this threat of withdrawal o change in EU aide does not mean harming the
    well-being of the Palestinian civilian population nor cutting humanitarian aide but it does mean making Israel understand that the present situation is unsustainable both economically and
    politically.</span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 12pt;"><br></span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 12pt;">&nbsp;&nbsp; At the conference, there was an interesting presentation by Israeli and Palestinian journalists that showed the monolithic self-censorship of the
    Israeli press that covered up everything that went on in Gaza during the war and became uncritical spokesmen of the IDF.&nbsp; They also spoke of the dehumanization and the invisibility of the
    Palestinians&nbsp; in Israeli press and society.&nbsp;</span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 12pt;"><br></span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 12pt;">&nbsp;&nbsp; The Palestinian Ambassador closed the conference&nbsp; outlining&nbsp; the concrete initiatives to start the reconstruction of Gaza, with or without an
    agreement with Hamas,&nbsp; the procedures for seeking reparation for the Gaza operation and many diplomatic fronts to accelerate the process ot the creation of a Palestinian state. He was very
    clear that the ANP would not go back to an endless peace process while settlement building continues and the seige of Gaza was in place.&nbsp;</span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 12pt;"><br></span>
  </p>
  <div style="text-align: center;">
    <span style="font-size: 12pt;"><img width="600" height="727" class="noAlign" src="http://idata.over-blog.com/0/55/19/29/david-hammerstein-personal/nene-mano-apuntando.jpg"></span>
  </div>
  <p style="text-align: center;">
    &nbsp;
  </p>
  <div style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 19px;">&nbsp;&nbsp; Everyone seems to be waiting the effect of US pressure on Isreal. &nbsp;</span>
  </div>
  <div style="text-align: justify;">
    Here is a summary of my intervention in the conference:
  </div>
  <p>
    &nbsp;
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 12pt;"><strong>&nbsp;THE ISRAELI - PALESTINIAN&nbsp;<br>
    CONFLICT IN THE WAKE OF THE GAZA OPERATION&nbsp;</strong></span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    &nbsp;
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <strong><span style="font-size: 14pt;">How to break the status quo through international accountability, public pressure and the application of International Law.</span></strong>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;">&nbsp;</span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;">THE GAZA CAST LEAD OPERATION:</span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;">&nbsp;It should be noted that the operation against the civilian population continues.&nbsp; The present humanitarian siege is an illegal form a warfare that denies
    fundamental rights to civilians.&nbsp; I will not go into great detail because the impact of the Cast Lead operation and the violation of International Humanitarian Law is well documented in the
    Amnesty International report recently published and I coincide with its recommendations and demands toward Israel, Hamas and the International Community that include an arms embargo, reparations,
    a criminal investigation and international protection of civilians.&nbsp;</span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;">&nbsp;</span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;">WHAT WE SAW ON THE 10TH OF JANUARY IN GAZA:</span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;">We saw a helpless population totally dependent on international organisations, mainly UNRWA, for all basic necessities.&nbsp; We saw the destruction of all public
    buildings that often affected the homes adjacent to them. There was no electricity nor potable running water. There was no rubbish collection No cars were in the street. There were no signs of
    armed people. We only saw military aircraft and other&nbsp; aerial Israeli equipment. The bombing continued a few hundred metres from where we were. We picked up off the ground the leaflets
    launched by the Israelis warning the population of heavy bombing and to seek safe refuge.&nbsp; Mothers with babies in their arms pulled on our arms asking for help to stop the bombing. We were
    the only European representatives to visit Gaza during the Cast Lead operation.&nbsp; It is important to point out that the prohibition of the presence of international press and witnesses was
    one of the keys of impunity during this conflict that resulted in so many deaths of innocent civilians.&nbsp;</span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;">&nbsp;</span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;">POSITION OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT</span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;">The European Parliament has repeatedly supported the following positions over the last 5 years in different resolutions adopted by a wide majority:</span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;">&nbsp;</span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;"><em>-Lifting of the siege of Gaza and the end of collective punishment of the civilian population.</em></span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;"><em>&nbsp;</em></span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;"><em>- The end to the use of disproportionate force, illegal weapons or indiscriminate victimisation of the civilian population on the part of Israel.</em></span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;"><em>&nbsp;</em></span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;"><em>- The end to the firing of rockets by Palestinians from Gaza on the civilian population of Southern Israel.</em></span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;"><em>&nbsp;</em></span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;"><em>- In favour of a unity agreement of Hamas and Fatah as a necessary step for international peacemaking measures in Gaza and the West Bank.</em></span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;"><em>&nbsp;</em></span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;"><em>- A total suspension of the settlement building.</em></span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;"><em>&nbsp;</em></span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;"><em>- The free movement of people and goods both in Gaza and the West Bank.</em></span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;"><em>&nbsp;</em></span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;"><em>-&nbsp; The conditioning of future EU policy to concrete progress on the ground.</em></span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;"><em>&nbsp;</em></span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;"><em>- The investigation of possible war crimes committed by Israel and by Hamas in the Gaza conflict.</em></span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;"><em>&nbsp;</em></span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;"><em>- The deployment of international forces in and around Gaza.</em></span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;"><em>&nbsp;</em></span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;"><em>- The building of a large solar plant for electricity and desalinisation in or near Gaza for energy and water autonomy.</em></span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;"><em>&nbsp;</em></span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;"><em>- Against the upgrading of relations with Israel under the present circumstances.</em></span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;">&nbsp;</span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;">Note:&nbsp; The Parliament has no foreign policy co-decision but can influence policy through its opinions and through the control of budgetary control.</span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;"><br></span>
  </p>
  <div style="text-align: center;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;"><img src="http://idata.over-blog.com/0/55/19/29/david-hammerstein-personal/tanque-roto.jpg" class="CtreTexte" height="450" width="600">&nbsp;</span>
  </div>
  <div style="text-align: center;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;">&nbsp;</span>
  </div>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;">What needs to be done:</span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;">&nbsp;</span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;">UPHOLDING INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN LAW NEEDS GREATER INTERNATIONAL SUPERVISION AND INVOLVEMENT</span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;">BREAK THE POLITICAL DEADLOCK: SET A DEADLINE BY UN SECURITY COUNCIL FOR THE "TWO STATE SOLUTION" WITH THE ACCEPTANCE OF PALESTINE IN THE UN</span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;">&nbsp;</span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;">The European Union's top foreign policy representative Javier Solana has recently called for the United Nations Security Council to recognise a Palestinian State
    and the two-state solution by a certain deadline even if Israel and others do not.&nbsp; This initiative should be considered for support by the international community.</span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;">&nbsp;</span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;">We find ourselves in a dangerous stalemate and only the short-term interests of the Israeli Government and the most radical elements on both sides, not the
    long-term well-being of the Palestinian and Israeli peoples, are benefited by the perpetuation of status quo. The Palestinian Authority leadership currently refuses to enter negotiations with
    Israel until it stops construction of illegal West Bank settlements, recognises past agreements, and agrees to the creation of a sovereign Palestinian State. At the same time the uncompromising
    positions of Netanyahu on settlements, Jerusalem and Gaza are far from being a basis for any fruitful negotiations with any Palestinian counterparts. The Arab League Plan for a comprehensive
    peace in the Middle East is being ignored while the lack of Palestinian unity between Fatah and Hamas is a serious barrier to a serious political peace process.&nbsp; After more that forty years
    of occupation the international community should take the initiative.&nbsp;</span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;">&nbsp;</span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;">After a fixed deadline, a UN Security Council resolution should proclaim the adoption of the two-state solution and the declaration should include the borders of
    the Palestinian State, the fate of Palestinian refugees, control over Jerusalem and security arrangements and international guarantees.&nbsp;</span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;">It would accept the Palestinian State as a full member of the UN, and set a calendar for implementation. It would mandate the resolution of other remaining
    territorial disputes and legitimise the end of claims,"&nbsp;</span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;">&nbsp;</span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;">The UN Security Council should mandate a return to Israel's borders before the 1967 war in which it occupied the West Bank and Gaza, except for agreed upon land
    swaps and mediators should set a timetable for a final peace agreement. If the parties are not able to stick to it (the timetable), then a solution backed by the international community should be
    put on the table. It is a time of action not a time for words but for deeds.&nbsp; This conference should support Solana´s proposal that is basically in line with the proposals of the Arab Peace
    Initiative and other similiar proposals.&nbsp;</span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;">&nbsp;</span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <strong><span style="font-size: 14pt;">EU Political Policy on the Mid-East does not really exist; it usually echoes US policy or plays the role of a "Sherpa" for Obama´s new
    policies</span></strong>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;">&nbsp;</span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;">&nbsp;&nbsp; It should be noted that Foreign Policy is competence of the Council of Ministers that must act with unanimity and the reality is that a number of
    countries have very different views on the Middle East. Italy and some Eastern European countries hold very uncritical positions toward present Israeli policy.&nbsp;</span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;">&nbsp;</span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <strong><span style="font-size: 14pt;">IS THE EU&nbsp; FINANCING THE "OCCUPATION BUSINESS" THROUGH ITS FINANCIAL AIDE? IS THERE AN ALTERNATIVE? If tHe EU pays it should also
    play.&nbsp;</span></strong>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;"><br>
    The EU greatest allotment of aide per capita is for the Palestinian authority. If this is added to money donated by member states the amount is staggering.&nbsp; Teachers, nurses, civil servants,
    police and others all receive their monthly salaries from the EU. As well, tens of thousands of Palestinians depend on EU humanitarian aide.&nbsp; Nevertheless, we should evaluate if this policy
    is a positive one that contributes to the building of institutions for peace or if it simply is a massive subsidy of the Israeli occupation that eliminates Israel´s legal responsibility of
    providing services to the occupied population. In other words, are we helping to make the occupation economically bearable and not costly for Israel, basically letting the occupier off the
    hook.&nbsp; Another question is if decades of massive "occupation business" made possible mainly by the EU is actually creating vested interests and dependency on both sides, both economical and
    political, for the indefinite continuation of the occupation. Where is the incentive for reaching a two-state solution? What would happen if the EU decided to cut off all but humanitarian aide
    unless Israel took a number of measures to&nbsp; make life more bearable for Palestinians with regard to the siege of Gaza, movement and settlements.&nbsp; Israel would dread the threat of
    withdrawal of aide and the possible collapse of institutions. It is evident that the present status quo cannot continue. Since the EU pays it must play as well.&nbsp;</span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;">&nbsp;</span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <strong><span style="font-size: 14pt;">A MORE POLITICAL EU POLICY ON MID-EAST PEACE?<br>
    &nbsp;</span></strong>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <strong><span style="font-size: 14pt;">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></strong> <span style="font-size: 14pt;">The EU should condition the continuation of its substantial economic aide to substantial
    improvement of conditions on the ground for Palestinian life in the occupied territories and concrete benchmarks with consequences for Israel concerning settlements, freedom of movement and
    changes in the status quo in Jerusalem. &nbsp; The issues of rights for the Palestinian minority in Israel, the rule of law under the PA and Hamas,&nbsp; freedom and equality of religion and
    non-discrimination in land laws, demolitions and building should shape economic relations and the participation in EU programmes.</span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;">&nbsp;</span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;">&nbsp; The EU is not a humanitarian NGO. It cannot continue to be a big payer but a very small player.&nbsp; The lack of clear and effective EU policy reflects the
    absence of ambition and the great weakness of the present procedures of decision making in EU institutions.&nbsp; To a great extent the outcome of the present conflict of the Obama Administration
    with the Israeli Government over settlement building and especially Jerusalem will express the possibilities of success of both US&nbsp; and EU policy.&nbsp;</span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;">&nbsp;</span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;">&nbsp; Only strong political and public pressure can bring EU leaders and member states to act more forcefully and in accordance with International law.</span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;">The alternative is to face the relentless pedagogy of catastrophe. &nbsp;</span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;">&nbsp;</span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;">&nbsp; It is not a question of being pro-Palestinian or pro-Israeli.&nbsp; It is in the interest of all to take steps toward the negotiated end of the conflict and
    to place strong international guarantees against violence and suffering of both Palestinians and Israelis.&nbsp;</span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;">&nbsp;</span>
  </p>
  <p style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;">&nbsp;</span>
  </p>
  <div style="text-align: justify;">
    <span style="font-size: 14pt;">&nbsp;</span>
  </div>]]></description>
        <pubDate>Sun, 26 Jul 2009 17:18:00 +0200</pubDate>        <guid isPermaLink="false">ab82c877678945f7b722760d1dcdfa19</guid>
                <category>Internacional</category>        <comments>http://www.davidhammerstein.com/article-34253713-6.html#anchorComment</comments>                    </item>
  
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